Spothead Hap

Description

The Spothead Hap (Nimbochromis fuscotaeniatus) is a large and striking predator cichlid native to Lake Malawi and parts of the upper Shire River in East Africa. Also known as the Fuscotaeniatus Hap or Fusco, this species is recognized for its elongated body, dark horizontal banding, and iridescent blue to purple coloration in dominant males. The name “Spothead” comes from the dark markings or spots near the head, which are most prominent in mature males.

Habitat and Behavior

In the wild, Nimbochromis fuscotaeniatus is found along rocky and intermediate zones of the lake, where it uses ambush tactics to hunt smaller fish. It is a solitary predator, known for lying still near the substrate to surprise prey—a behavior it shares with other Nimbochromis species. Males become territorial during spawning, selecting caves or rock crevices to attract females.

Aquarium Care

In aquariums, the Spothead Hap requires a large, well-structured tank with rocks, caves, and plenty of open swimming space. Due to its predatory nature, it should not be housed with small fish, as they may be viewed as food. It’s best suited to tanks with other large, semi-aggressive or aggressive Malawi cichlids that can hold their own. Provide strong filtration and regular water changes to handle their bio-load.

Size and Suitability

Growing up to 25–30 cm (10–12 inches), the Spothead Hap is one of the largest Haps and requires a large aquarium to thrive. Its predatory behavior, intense coloration, and commanding presence make it a striking centerpiece fish, ideal for experienced cichlid keepers.

Care Summary:

pH Range: 7.5 – 8.5

Temperature Range: 24–28°C (75–82°F)

Diet: Carnivore (prefers protein-rich foods such as frozen fish, krill, shrimp, and high-quality carnivore pellets)

Minimum Tank Size: 500 liters (130 gallons)

Max Size of Fish: 25–30 cm (10–12 inches)

Temperament: Aggressive (predatory; best with other large, robust cichlids)

Level of Care Required: Difficult (requires space, careful tankmate selection, and excellent water quality)