Royal Whiptail Catfish

Description

Sturisoma panamense (Royal Whiptail Catfish)

The Sturisoma panamense, commonly referred to as the Royal Whiptail Catfish, is a long-bodied, peaceful, and visually distinctive species of armored catfish native to fast-flowing rivers and clear streams in Colombia and Panama. Its elegant, streamlined shape and extended caudal fin filaments make it an eye-catching bottom-dweller in any South American-themed aquarium.

Habitat and Behavior

In the wild, S. panamense is typically found in oxygen-rich, shallow waters with moderate to strong current, where it clings to submerged rocks, wood, and sandy substrates using its sucker-like mouth. It grazes on algae, biofilm, and plant detritus, and its coloration — generally light brown with dark longitudinal stripes — helps it blend into its natural surroundings. The species is non-aggressive, spending much of its time resting motionlessly or slowly foraging across surfaces.

Aquarium Care

This species thrives in aquariums with excellent filtration, stable water conditions, and a moderate current. A tank setup with driftwood, smooth rocks, sand or fine gravel substrate, and plenty of shaded resting areas closely mimics its natural habitat. Sturisoma panamense does not harm plants and is compatible with most peaceful tankmates, including tetras, peaceful cichlids, and other bottom-dwellers. Algae growth in the tank is beneficial, though supplemental feeding is essential.

Size and Suitability

Adults reach around 15–20 cm (6–8 inches), including their signature tail filament. Their unique appearance and calm temperament make them ideal for aquarists looking to add a graceful, low-maintenance algae grazer to a community setup.

Care Summary:

• pH Range: 6.0 – 7.5

• Temperature Range: 24–28°C (75–82°F)

• Diet: Omnivore (prefers algae and plant matter; supplement with sinking wafers, blanched vegetables, and occasional frozen foods)

• Minimum Tank Size: 100 liters (25 gallons)

• Max Size of Fish: 20 cm (8 inches)

• Temperament: Peaceful (non-territorial, suitable for community tanks)

• Level of Care Required: Moderate